Glenn Greenwald
Politics • Culture • Writing
Substack CEO on Protecting Writers from Speech Crackdowns; Week in Review: Matt Taibbi's Censorship Hearing Testimony, Fascism Expert Flees the U.S., and More
System Update #433
April 07, 2025
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The following is an abridged transcript from System Update’s most recent episode. You can watch the full episode on Rumble or listen to it in podcast form on Apple, Spotify, or any other major podcast provider.  

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The CEO of Substack, Chris Best, will be here tonight to discuss what this free speech protection program is, what prompted it, and other developments at Substack as well, which formed to be a platform that preserves free speech on the internet, very similar to Rumble. 

Then, we have a potpourri – a smorgasbord – of various events we want to cover quickly tonight: the behavior of the Democrats at the Congressional hearing held yesterday on the censorship regime featuring the testimony of Matt Taibbi, as well as the would-be Homeland Security disinformation Nina Yankovitch – remember her? We also want to talk about the behavior of both parties at yesterday's hearing on the newly released JFK files and the possible role of the CIA hearing that featured the Director of the film “JFK,” Oliver Stone, as well as the long-time JFK investigator Jefferson Morley, whom we interviewed on our show last night. We also want to cover the newly elected Israel-focused member of Congress, the Republican from Florida who is taking Mike Waltz's seat, Randy Fine, and, time permitting, several other issues. 

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The Interview: Chris Best

When I resigned from The Intercept, the media outlet that I co-founded, I immediately went to Substack, a platform I didn't know very much about and had an extremely positive experience there the entire time I was there in large part because they were very committed to giving their writers total freedom and protecting freedom of speech. You didn't have to worry about saying something that the platform would dislike or that would ban you. They were an NRA platform devoted to free speech. 

Chris Best is a co-founder and CEO of Substack. He has fought, as has Substack, to defend free speech rights while connecting users with creators, ideas and communities they care about most. It was founded in 2017. Substack is building a new economic engine for culture by putting publishers in charge and enabling subscribers to support the work they deeply value. 

Before Substack, Chris was the co-founder and CTO of the mobile messenger app Kit, from 2009 to 2017. He helped scale Kit and built a platform used by over 300 million users. It is always a pleasure to welcome him to our show. 

G. Greenwald: Chris, good evening. Thanks so much for taking the time to join us. 

Chris Best: Thank you for having me.

G. Greenwald: All right. So, let's get right into this because Substack has teamed up with FIRE.ORG, which I sort of consider to be the new ACLU, what the ACLU was before they kind of prioritized partisan agendas above their original values.  

FIRE has been speaking out quite vocally, even though they had developed a mostly conservative audience because they had been defending conservative speech on campus about a lot of these new censorship attacks coming from the new administration. 

You joined with FIRE and the idea was to protect writers in America, especially ones who are somehow being targeted or punished for their dissent on foreign policy, Israel, or any other topics. 

It’s not all that usual for a company that is a for-profit company, which is true of Substack, to take such a vocal position on controversial issues. What is it that prompted you to do so? 

Chris Best: Substack doesn't take positions broadly on political issues; we don't take a position, for example, on immigration policy or foreign policy. But we do see freedom of speech and freedom of the press as centrally important to our business and our mission. And so, this felt really important. 

G. Greenwald: I get that, and free speech, in my view, has been kind of central to your identity and your mission from the beginning and I've never really seen it in conflict with your business model, although it certainly can be. If you take any kind of position, even one just vaguely in support of free speech that certainly can. But the statement refers to new sorts of attacks on the right of free thought, the right to free expression. I'm just kind of wondering, was there a tipping point or a triggering point for you over the last couple of months where you decided Substack needed to do something? 

Chris Best: I think the event that put this in kind of like the Substack Bailiwick was the Öztürk editorial and deportation. The fact that somebody is being, as far as we know, targeted for the contents of an editorial that they have co-published, to us, that's a very clear free speech issue and so, even though it's not, that felt like a very clear line in the sand. 

We've had this Substack Defender program for years that helps defend free speech from legal threats. It's helped dozens of cases. We wanted to make sure that we were stepping in and helping wherever we could on this issue and we're delighted to partner with FIRE, which is just a fantastic organization. 

G. Greenwald: Yeah. For those who don't know – and viewers of the show know because we covered that story in depth, what you're referring to is a Turkish-born PhD student at Tufts, who was in the United States very legally working in her on her PhD program. She was recently snatched up by plainclothes officers on the street. She was obviously very frightened. She didn't even know these were agents of the state. They arrived in masks. They grabbed her phone that she was using so they could have access to her phone and then shipped her to a deportation facility in Louisiana. The only thing the government alleges, or the only things groups that monitor people like this allege is this op-ed. There's no claim that she even participated in the protest, let alone harassed anybody, blocked anyone's entrance, or vandalized a building. It's apparently solely about the op-ed. 

Now, you just mentioned you were happy to join with FIRE. I'm just wondering how that came about and why FIRE? 

Chris Best: There aren't that many consistent defenders of freedom of the press. Freedom of speech is something that I think has a lot of fair-weather friends. It's something that we've tried to be consistent about over the years and I've been very impressed by FIRE as well. You mentioned in the intro that they were sort of known for defending right-wing people against threats of censorship, but they also do that across the political spectrum. I think they're just very value-aligned on this issue. And I know Greg Lukianoff. I think they're fantastic and we're just happy to partner with them. 

G. Greenwald: Yeah, just to underscore that, I mean, I know some of the people who founded and run FIRE, including Greg, who you just mentioned, who actually are quite vocal supporters of Israel, very vocal support of Israel just in their personal views and yet they've spent a lot of time defending pro-Palestinian speech on campus because their mission is to defend free speech, regardless of what they think. 

Chris, I was thinking about this earlier today and kind of is very ironic because when I first came to Substack, it was late 2020, so it was a little bit more than four years now, it wasn't very well known, but it was starting to be better known before I got there, and certainly over the next year. But the criticism of it at the time was that because it allowed free speech, it was basically some sort of right-wing or even hospitable to fascism kind of outlet when in reality you weren't promoting right-wing speech, you were just offering a platform for people who had been censored, and you had a ton of writers who weren't even remotely on the right. 

Now here we are, four years later, and what you're essentially saying is you want to make sure that people who are writing at Substack have the right to criticize foreign policy, including U.S. foreign policy toward Israel or to the Middle East or anything else and kind of protect them from some of these programs we've seen from the Trump administration. 

My guess is, or there's certainly a possibility, that if you start protecting people who have that perspective, you kind of now get the opposing accusation, “Oh, you're protecting left-wing radicals” or even that you're “antisemitic” which, if you haven't gotten yet, I'm sure you're likely to, given this program. What is the mission of Substack in terms of dealing with any type of those accusations? 

Chris Best: I think the biggest thing is to have principles, know what you stand for and why, stay calm and make sure that you're sort of consistently trying to live up to the principle. And you're absolutely right that I think free speech is a mechanism that protects writers and thinkers from power. And so, at any given time, people will look at freedom of speech as a partisan issue or as a one-sided issue, but over a long enough time horizon, we've just seen this. We've had people come to Substack in recent years who had been former critics of us, who used to say, “Substack is this evil right or left-wing place because it platforms this thing.” They wind up finding themselves censored when the worm turns, and they come to appreciate the wisdom of a consistent stance in favor of freedom of thought, freedom of speech and freedom of the press. I think that we've been doing that for long enough, that the evidence says we're not doing it for one side. It's a consistent policy and I really believe in it. I think it's the best thing for the platform; I think it's the best thing for the country. 

G. Greenwald: One of the things that has impressed me being here at Rumble is that they have a very kind of vigorous commitment to this same principle. It's a place for anyone to come, anyone to be heard, it's not their place to sit in judgment of which opinions are sufficiently right or wrong to be allowed to be hurt. At times this has in fact jeopardized their commercial benefits. They're as a result of that position, their refusal to censor, they're not allowed in certain countries including Brazil. I was just in France about a month ago, tried to access my own show and got that message that says “Rumble's not available in France” because they wouldn't remove RT and other Russian outlets that the French government demanded they remove. And I guess their position is sort of twofold. One is that in the long term we think free speech will help our commercial interests, but number two, even if they don't, even if they do undermine them somewhat, we're not willing to profit by violating our own beliefs in free speech and censoring on behalf of power centers. Which of those two, or if it's any of those, do you see Substack's position as being? 

Chris Best: I do think it's both. We've designed the company to be aligned with this mission. Writers on Substack, creators on Substack, are independent. They own their work, they own connection to their audience, so they can leave at any time. If we turned around one day and said, “Ha ha ha, we've sold out for some short-term profit, we're going to start censoring,” we would lose all of our business. 

I think that I’ve tried, we've tried, to build a company that puts us on the side of writers and thinkers who have the right to say what they think and readers and viewers who have a right to choose what to subscribe to and what to hear. I don't think that there is a conflict, but it is both a commercial and a moral proposition for us. 

G. Greenwald: And do you get pressure from investors or from people interested in the more financial side of Substack that if push comes to shove, they don't want you to choose this kind of mission of free speech if it is going to undermine the financial profitability of the company? 

Chris Best: If anything, the opposite. We have wonderful investors. We have wonderful employees, too. I think we've been at this long enough that people know what we're about. They understand the theory of what we are doing. People would not sign up to work at or invest in Substack if they didn't see these things as valuable. And so, we're quite fortunate that we're pretty aligned. 

G. Greenwald: So, let's talk about the program itself. When I was there, you started introducing programs that would kind of support the writers, including some really important support mechanisms, such as if a writer gets sued by some subject that they're writing about, to help them be able to have legal counsel that defends them, which is incredibly important, especially if you're an independent journalist. If you don't have that, you could be deterred from writing about wealthy people or powerful people because of the threat that you could be sued, you begin offering another kind of support services for research and the like, and it's become not just this neutral platform, but a place that is designed to support the writers that you attract, which is one of the reasons I think you're attracting so many. So, what is this new program that you just unveiled specifically intended to do?  

Chris Best: It is spiritually similar to the Defender Program that you're talking about, the genesis of that was we noticed that if you're an independent journalist, you're writing something about a local businessman or politician that is true or is like valid journalism and they send you this legal threat to shut you down. It's basically like censorship by lawfare. And so, we just felt like the platform had an interest in helping defend against those kinds of activities. If it was costless to do that, if people could just be rolled over at no cost, it was going to have this massive chilling effect on everybody on Substack, on the internet as a whole. And we feel the same about these actions. It cannot be the case that people can be snatched up in America for writing an op-ed. We have to help with that where we can, we have to provide what resources we can to support, we're partnering with FIRE, and we're providing money in legal defense. Whatever we can do to help push back against specifically the threats to free speech, we want to do. 

G. Greenwald: question, because I found this funny too. When I was at Substack, and the kind of awareness of Substack was growing pretty significantly, it was attracting a much larger audience, many writers who had a big platform previously, it wasn't just the accusation wasn't, just, “Oh, there's some sort of proto-fascist site, because they're allowing a bunch of right-wing people who should be banned or whatever.” That was at the height of the kind of left-liberal censorship regime as opposed to the one we're getting now. But the other attack on it that I remember quite well came from corporate journalists because they're afraid of anything that might be a competitor to the hegemony or monopoly on a discourse that corporate journalism has and certainly, Substack, attracting so many readers, became a threat. 

I remember very well that the consensus was that Substack could ruin journalism. It was allowing all these people to write and to do journalism “without any kind of editorial fact-checking structure” and it was just for people to kind of sound off and it was something that would erode journalism. 

Now, just yesterday, I think, The New York Times had an article on Substack, about how many refugees from corporate media, who four years ago would never have been caught dead associating with Substack are now not just going to Substack but finding success on Substack after they were basically expelled from their company for one reason or another. 

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It kind of details not just that they're there, but that they are finding a lot of success. What do you think changed in kind of the ecosystem over the last few years that had corporate media personalities, contemptuous of Substack, kind of scorning it to now kind of “if you can't beat them, you join them” mentality, going to Substack? 

Chris Best: I do think part of it is just that there is a lot of pressure on those business models. That's been a tough business for a bunch of reasons. But I think the big thing is, I think a lot of people, you said before, people were worried that if you give people freedom, it's going to make the thing bad. It's going to turn into something that you don't want, something that can't make a good product. And I think the reverse is true. When you set the incentives up correctly, when you give people editorial freedom, when you give them the right to their own platform, the right to set their own standards in their community, when you get them a viable business model for doing the work they believe in, ultimately it works, ultimately you can make good things, and that is attracting more and more people, and I guess more sides of the political spectrum are seeing the value of freedom of speech owning your audience. 

G. Greenwald: Yeah. As you said, people kind of like the idea of a control discourse until it kind of starts coming for them …

Chris Best: Until they’re the ones being controlled. 

G. Greenwald: Exactly, then they find the virtues of free speed. 

I know some of them are doing quite well. Are you pleased with the growth of Substack? Has it been kind of a continual growing as a result of these new issues in the media? 

Chris Best: We're thrilled: more than five-million-page descriptions. The Substack app is growing very quickly. You should get the app, get the Rumble app too. Get the Substack App as well. It's going great and it's been a steady growth over the years at this point and we think it's working. People are hungry to take back their minds, to have something different and we're delighted that more and more people are choosing Substack. 

G. Greenwald: All right, Chris, it was great to see you. Congratulations on this initiative, which I obviously do not just support, but think is incredibly important. Keep up the great work. 

Chris Best: Thank you. Thanks for everything. 

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There's a lot of different things going on, and we wanted to try to just sort of, instead of delving in very, very deeply into each of them, kind of just give you a sense of some of them because the news cycle has been extremely filled. It's been a very fast news cycle, I don't think there's been a slow news day since Trump's inauguration. 

We tend to do stories more in-depth here. Maybe two, a maximum of three a night, our challenge is which ones we're going to leave out because there are always so many things to cover. 

Obviously, the big news of today is this new scheme of tariffs that Trump introduced that has become quite controversial. I'm not an expert at all on tariffs. If we're going to talk about it, we would have someone on to talk about it. But I wanted to show you just a few quick things that we would mean to talk about that I think are interesting kind of in a faster pace order. 

Yesterday, there was a hearing on the JFK documents and we covered that by having Jefferson Morley, who was a witness at that hearing, on our show. He talked about the hearing itself and the discovery of CIA-related documents in the JFK files. But there was also, in a different committee, a hearing to investigate the censorship industrial complex, the program by the Biden administration to censor dissent by coercing Big Tech companies, by threatening Big Tech companies, in terms of what they can allow and what they cannot allow, controlling them to remove dissent on COVID, Ukraine, a whole variety of other issues. 

One of the witnesses who was testifying was our friend, the journalist Matt Taibbi, and he did that, of course, because of his work on the Twitter Files, which was one of the main sources of information to show how the government was pressuring social media companies and Big Tech, so that's why he was there. 

The Democrats invited to sit next to him that utterly crazy woman who they wanted to put in charge of the ‘disinformation’, as part of Homeland Security, Nina Yankovitch. And even in our society that loves censorship and that is in love with this idea of experts identifying disinformation for you – because they know more than you do about what is true and what is false and they're going to protect you from false things – she was such a caricature of kind of a liberal censor that she was just a bridge too far even for our political culture when Biden was president. So, they had to kind of scrap that, and she's been very angry about that ever since. 

I just want to show you how scummy people in Congress can be. So, Matt Taibbi was there as a journalist, and if you know Matt, he has a very mild-mannered demeanor. He's very polite, very soft-spoken. If you engage him in debate, he's not really a combative personality. Sometimes when I watch Matt in these circumstances, my aggression kicks in. I just say, Matt, say this, push him, but that's not how Matt is. I've never seen him be disrespectful to anybody. 

So, of course, if you're going to denounce the censorship regime of Joe Biden, you're going to have Democrats who are going to be angry at you, even though it's, again, something that had been so fundamental to left-liberal politics for decades, the idea of free speech, and now it's not at all. 

So Matt Taibbi was there. He got invited. He went to testify in Washington, left his family, left his kids to go do it and here's the ranking member of that committee, her name is Sydney Kamlager-Dove – she's a member of Congress, a Democratic member of Congress – and here is what she did in response to Matt's testimony. 

Video. Sydney Kamlager-Dove, C-SPAN. April 1, 2025.

Do you see how scummy that is? Almost 30 years ago, in Moscow according to newspapers – and these were old newspaper articles – Matt Taibbi terrorized women. 

This all came from a work of fiction that Matt Taibbi's partner, Mark Ames, wrote. In exile, they had an extremely satirical newspaper. They were quite young; Matt, kind of in particular, got known for a sort of raucous style of writing. I remember reading him when I was in law school or even as a lawyer in the New York server, the New Press. He had a column there. It was very satiric, it was very ironic, but this book, in particular, was fiction. It was a work of fiction. And a lot of articles that came out right when Matt Taibbi had a new book out were designed to depict him as some sort of misogynist, like a victim of the Me Too movement, or a predator of the Me Yoo movement. 

And then once these newspaper articles ran, several of them ended up retracting the article, because the thing that was missing from Matt Taibbi's reign of terror against women in Moscow was a single woman who identified herself as his victim. No one ever complained about Matt Taibbi in any way. No woman to this day has ever said, “Oh, Matt Taibbi harassed me, he treated me inappropriately.” Yet, this scumbag of a congresswoman is exploiting the Me Too movement. 

Let me just say too, that right now, in New York City, the leading candidate to become mayor of New York is the Democrat Andrew Cuomo who had to resign from his gubernatorial position several years ago because he was engulfed in a multiple-woman scandal and alleging sexual harassment or inappropriate sexual behavior. He was forced out of office and the entire Democratic establishment is now going to align behind Andrew Cuomo because they don't actually care at all. Those were actually victims, alleged victims there, rising and saying, “Yes, he treated me improperly.” 

They don't care about that at all! Every four years, the Democratic convention hosts Bill Clinton, who's been not just credibly accused of sexual assault, but even of rape and feminist groups throughout the '90s, defended Bill Clinton, defended Bill Clinton, against all of these women accusers. Hillary Clinton demeaned their character and attacked the victims. James Carville said, “Oh yeah if you drag a dollar through a trailer park, you never know what kind of trash you're going to find.” Joe Biden himself had all kinds of accusations about inappropriate behavior with women. Do you think these people care in the slightest? 

They so cynically and cheaply exploit this issue, the Me Too issue, sexual harassment, womanizing, feminism. They don't believe in it at all. What relevance did it even have? Matt's there to talk as a journalist about an investigation that he did and she's like, “Hey, by the way, 30 years ago, some newspaper said that he was harassing women.” He never got sued, he was never charged and there's no victim, newspapers retracted it when they understood that it was actually based on a work of fiction, primarily written by his partner Mark Ames, who also has never been accused of any of that, by any woman. But they'll just whip it out because they just want to demean and malign anybody who criticized Biden's censorship regime. 

It is the left-liberal establishment in the West that has largely imposed a censorship regime. It came from 2016 with the dual traumas for Western liberalism of the British people voting to leave the EU in contempt of the Brussels bureaucrats that rule their lives followed three or four months later by the shock of Trump's victory over the ultimate establishment maven, Hillary Clinton. After that, they decided, all of them, that they could not afford free speech. They could not permit free speech anymore on the internet because when you do so, you can't control how people vote. 

And they concocted a whole new industry called the disinformation industry, a whole expertise they fabricated out of whole cloth, disinformation experts, that really does not exist. None of these people pretended to believe in free speech, none of the people had any concern about it. She began by saying, “Why are we even talking about these things? The only things that we should be talking about are the economic suffering of ordinary Americans,” which is so ironic because the reason people hate the Democratic Party is that they've never been interested in that, not in the last decade. 

They've been talking about Russiagate and Putin and Trump loving Hitler, just anything that they could fabricate and concoct that had nothing to do with the lives of ordinary Americans. Who are they going to fool now by pretending, “Oh, we shouldn't be even talking about an attack on people's fundamental free speech rights because it's just really irrelevant?” But that is the Democratic Party, just pure and simple. 

Even when they try to change their brand and feign concern with the working class or whatever, it's just so unconvincing. Everybody knows that's not at all what their interests are. Consultants have told them they need to start making people believe that's what they care about, but that's what they care about in the slightest. And so, to distract attention from Taibbi's reporting and from the other reporting about the censorship regime that they presided over for so long, first, you're going to say, “Hey, 30 years ago, he harassed women, even though it's a lie.” And then say, by the way, who cares? We should only focus on Signal Gate – or whatever. 

Here is part of the hearing as former New Jersey Governor Thomas Kean is questioning Matt Taibbi as well as another witness about the censorship industrial complex. 

Video. Matt Taibbi, Thomas Kean, C-SPAN. April 1, 2025.

All that is absolutely true. Now, there is some hypocrisy, obviously, on the Republican side as well, because there is, as we've been covering, a systematic assault on the rights of people in the United States, citizens, green card holders, people who are here legally on student visas for criticizing Israel. We've covered that at length. That's a whole different type of censorship regime that is at least as menacing as the one they're talking about here. But just for reporting on this, Matt Taibbi is so hated by the Democratic Party, which used to pretend to have free speech as one of its core values, that they're willing to try to demean his character even with no foundation. 

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All right. At the other hearing, the JFK hearing, we showed a little bit of this clip last night while we were interviewing Jefferson Morley. Jeff Morley identifies himself as a liberal Democrat, someone sort of on the progressive side of the Democratic Party. And he always has been. He's not a conservative anyway. And yet it's very notable that the people who have the most interest in his reporting, especially when it comes to the role that the CIA played in that assassination and covering it up, tend to be right-wing media. 

A lot of right-wing media wants to understand whether the CIA had a role to play in the Kennedy assassination, and by and large, Democrats could not be more uninterested, even though the target of that assassination was a Democratic president, from the most elevated Democratic royal family, which is the Kennedys. 

You would think they would have the biggest interest, especially because back then, they were the ones who regarded the CIA as sinister, but no more. There's no iota of concern about the CIA barely in left-liberal politics and Democratic Party politics. And that's why Jasmine Crockett had this to say when she attended the hearing where Oliver Stone and Jeff Morley, people have spent decades in-depth studying this issue, investigating this issue. An issue that Jasmine Crockett knows almost nothing about. And here's what she had to say. 

Video. Jasmine Crockett, C-SPAN3. April 1, 2025.

Can you believe how much dumbness and/or dishonesty is required to say that? Do you think Jasmine Crockett has read the 80,000 pages of newly unclassified and released documentation in order to be able to conclude, having studied this very carefully in her congressional office, that the documents now exonerate the CIA of any involvement? That is so stupid. 

Obviously, some staff member prepared for her – she's reading it. But then she goes on to say, after declaring the CIA innocent – because the Democrats love the CIA because they recognize, quite validly, that has been their political ally; that's where Russiagate came from; that's what the Hunter Biden’s laptop came from – so they don't want to, in any way, they're not interested in demeaning the reputation of the CIA by finding out if they actually killed the American president. 

That's what she finds funny: why would we as Congress want to investigate who killed an American president, whether the CIA, which has grown enormously since the early 1960s as a result of the Vietnam War, the dirty wars in the 1980s in Central America, and most of all, the endless wars after the War and Terror and many other things in between? Why would we be concerned at all if they actually murdered an elected American president because they were concerned about his foreign policy or just concerned that he was going to constrain them or weaken that agency? Why would you be concerned about the CIA, the new proof top-level officials of the CIA lied to investigators and covered up all sorts of relevant information, including the fact that the CIA had been surveilling and monitoring and in contact with Lee Harvey Oswald for many, many years?

Nobody really knew that, as Jeff Morley explained, until the documents were released. She's like “Who cares? So funny that people are interested in this.” And also, the CIA was exonerated. These documents, the 80,000 that “I, Jasmine Crockett, have read very studiously and carefully prove that they were innocent, it exonerates them, so what are we even doing here?” 

Here was another member of Congress, Raja Krishnamoorthi, Democratic member of congress who decided that he was going to exploit this hearing in order to try to force Jeff Morley who was only there to talk about these documents and the JFK assassination and the CIA's involvement, talk about anything but that. 

Video. Raja Krishnamoorthi, Jefferson Morley. April 1, 2025.v

You can see how angry he is. This is an investigative journalist who has devoted a substantial part of his life to documenting the cover-up by the Warren Commission that had a massive influence of Alan Dulles, the longtime CIA director who JFK fired. They put him on the Warren Commission. The documents are now finally being released in their full form, their unredacted form, which sheds considerable light on this information. He's very excited by this, this is what he does. He comes there and they're trying to get him to talk about what JFK would say about various Trump policies, – I mean, the idiocy of it. You can see just how resentful he is about it. 

He even said, “Look I'm not here to make this a partisan issue.” He told us last night, on his Substack, where he writes about the JFK investigation he said he has equal numbers of people across the political spectrum, people who are right-wing and concerned about what they call the deep state people on the left, who have always been anti-imperialist and anti-security state, and everyone in between. But these people in Congress have no interest in anything substantial. All they want to do is ignore everything and speak about Trump and his evils. 

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Now speaking about Donald Trump and evils, there is this remarkable and darkly hilarious and blatantly pathetic trend that's going on every four years, for as long as I can remember, you have all these elites, celebrities and the like, you say, “Oh, if George Bush wins, if John McCain wins, if Mitt Romney wins, I'm leaving the United States.” They never do. 

Finally, in the second victory of Donald Trump, there were actually a few people who did leave the United States. Ellen DeGeneres moved to London. Rosie O'Donnell went to Ireland. So, at least they're carrying through on this, but these are celebrities who aren't even worth mocking. What is worth looking at is the fact that you have these self-identified experts, these honored, heralded experts, in the highest levels of American academia, who are also now fleeing America, they say, because it's not safe for them to stay any longer. 

One of them is Yale Professor Jason Stanley, who really just became a laughingstock the more he exposed himself on X. I mean, they have these lofty titles at Yale, the chair, the funded, named chair that they hold, everything's designed to elevate their stature and their prestige and their intellectual elevation. And then they go on to X and they just realize what complete morons these people are just like politically banal in every way, totally on board with Russiagate. 

His fellow Yale Professor, Jeffrey Timothy Snyder, became pretty much like the academic hero of American liberals because he was extremely enthusiastic about Russiagate, he's an absolute fanatic about funding the war in Ukraine, he thinks Trump is in bed with Putin and he wrote this book on tyranny that liberals think is the guidebook for how you avoid the authoritarianism and tyranny of Donald Trump. 

Then his wife, who is also a senior professor at Yale and all three of them are together fleeing the United States to Canada. And they're saying they're fleeing. It's not like they just got a job at another university. They did get a job in a Canadian university but they're thinking, we're leaving because we don't feel safe. These very protected, lofty, extremely wealthy, celebrated academics don't feel safe. 

Obviously, there are people whose civil liberties are a threat. We've been covering them a lot. It's not wealthy, shielded, coddled, highly credentialed Yale professors. And if you're going to make a career out of saying, “Oh, I'm a fascism expert, I'm going to teach you how to fight Trump's authoritarianism,” you should be the last person running away and fleeing. You've told people to stay and fight. That's how you got rich. You wrote books saying the key is to disobey, defy them, stay and fight. And now not even two months into the administration, you're admittedly fleeing, and of course, they get it glamorous right up in Vanity Fair

Now, Timothy Snyder's book on tyranny has become a massive bestseller. He's made millions of dollars on this book. It came out in April 2017. It was obviously about Trump. “I am the academic expert, the historian, and the expert on tyranny. And here I am to tell you that Trump is a tyrant. Authoritarianism is coming and here's how you have to resist it.” 

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In fairness, a lot of people are suggesting that it's really his wife who's demanding that they flee and he's just going with her. But it's this trio. Jason says, “Oh, yeah, they're my best friends, those two. We're all fleeing together.” After you read a book telling other people, to stand your ground and fight; don't give in ahead of time because that's what teaches them that they can go further, here he is fleeing the country, not fighting anything. 

No one's even targeted him. No one is even interested in him. Like, if the FBI starts snooping around and hears they're about to re-arrest it, okay, flee the country, but no one's even remotely suggesting that's going to happen. And they're the first ones out. 

Like I said, I do think there are people whose civil liberties are in danger, whose liberty is in danger. But it's not them.

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All right, a couple of other items. 

Last night in two different Florida congressional districts, there were special elections for the House of Representatives, in part because one was an open seat because Mike Waltz left his Florida district to become Donald Trump's National Security Advisor. He had previously been a Republican member of the House. And the other was the seat abandoned by Matt Gaetz when he became Trump's nominee for Attorney General. Although he didn't get confirmed, he withdrew his nomination, likely because he wouldn't get the support of Republican senators. That seat is now open as well. 

So, there were two special elections and both of these elections should have been automatic for the Republicans because one of them, the one that is Matt Gaetz's seat, is a plus-30 Republican district, meaning Trump won that district in 2024 by 30 points. Overwhelmingly red district. The other, Mike Waltz is even more overwhelmingly red, plus-36. 

Yet, for a variety of reasons, Democrats tend to come out more in low-turnout elections. It's generally the party out of power that's more motivated in midterms, which is why it's typical for the party out of power to do very well in the midterms because they're more motivated because of their loss. But in both districts, the Republicans won by something like 15 or 16 points, a significant decrease, obviously, from 30 and 36. And then, in Wisconsin, where Elon Musk poured a huge amount of money because he wanted to change the majority, which is a liberal 4-3 majority in the Wisconsin Supreme Court to a 4-4 conservative majority. So, he backed the conservative candidate there with tens of millions of dollars. He went to Wisconsin, tried to insert himself into the race, and said that all of Western civilization depended on it. The Democrats won by something like 13 points, even though Trump just won Wisconsin a few months ago in the 2024 election, but by a very small margin. Still, it was a big Democratic turnout. The Democratic judge won easily. 

Now, they're going to be able to redistrict in favor of Democrats. Probably Democrats will gain a seat or two in Wisconsin for the 2026 midterms. So, there was a lot at stake. George Soros put some money in and JB Pritzker, the billionaire Democratic governor of Illinois, but Elon Musk put by far the most. 

One of the members of Congress, the congressional candidate who won in Mike Waltz's seat, but with a much smaller margin than Mike Waltz did, or Trump did, is named Randy Fine. Randy Fine will easily become the most embarrassing, pathetic, fanatical supporter of Israel. He doesn't even hide that, for him, Israel is the number one issue. Trump backed him because he obviously wants the Republicans to win. He so ironically called him America First, even though he's nothing of the sort.Here's some of what Randy Fine has said over the last year or so on October 10, 2024, about Gaza:

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June 4, 2021. This is before October 7, obviously. Somebody put a picture of a baby that was killed by an Israeli tank. And the Twitter user said:

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His comment:

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Here is a picture of Randy Fine in his office, just getting elected, he was a member of the State Senate. 

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By the way, Ron DeSantis hates Randy Fine. He said that he has an extremely alienating and repellent personality, that the reason he won by a much smaller margin wasn't because of some pro anti-Trump or pro-Democrat swing, it's because he's such a horrific candidate. So, here he is in his office with his gigantic Israeli flag. He goes to Israel constantly. Michael Tracey interviewed him for our show. We actually had him on our show for an interview with Michael Tracey on one of his roving trips and he talked about how he thinks Israel, doing everything that Israel wants, is also good for America. But here you see him, maybe there's an American flag somewhere in the distance. You see the Israeli flag, a little bit of the Florida flag, a big Yarmouk there. a big Hanukkah menorah there, but no American flag, at least not front and center. 

So that's the new member of Congress. He said, at least as horrific things, and that's just sociopathic. You can support the war in Israel, and obviously I'd make clear what I think of that, but there are people I know who support the war in Israel while also actually lamenting the loss of innocent Palestinian life. He's said before, “There’s nothing Palestinian, let the blood flow.” So that is a new member of Congress. 

To be completely honest, I think he's going to actually be a very valuable instrument for those who oppose Israel. He's so grotesque on all levels. As Ron DeSantis said, he's so alienating and unappealing, he's so flagrant about his first loyalty – usually, more subtle people are more effective communicators. He's everything but that. And I think people are going to make him the face of the pro-Israel movement for good reason. And that'll help bring transparency to what this movement is. 

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A couple more quick items that I think are relevant. 

The Republican senator from Arkansas, Tom Cotton, is somebody who pretends to support President Trump quite a bit, when in reality, he actually despises the MAGA foreign policy on which Trump ran – not necessarily the one he's pursuing, restarting the bombing campaign of Biden in Yemen and escalating it, restarting the Biden fueled war in Gaza for Israel, threatening Iran with war. But Tom Cotton hates what the MAGA foreign policy is, as opposed to what Trump's so far doing. 

And although I certainly give Trump credit for trying, we'll see if it works to end the war in Ukraine – nobody's really tried before – but as far as the Middle East is concerned, you're not really seeing this peacemaker Trump pledge, quite the contrary. 

Here's Tom Cotton at a hearing yesterday. The subject was what to do about Iran whether to go to war with Iran, whether to bomb Iran, which Trump is threatening to do. Here's what Tom Cotton had to say about that. 

Video. Tom Cotton, C-SPAN. April 1, 2025.

By the way, for those listening to the show, when Tom Cotton snidely said, “Oh, there's this hysteria that if we bomb Iran, it's going to be another forever war or another endless war, he put that in scare quotes to mock the fact that the United States has been on a posture and a footing of endless war and forever wars, which is true. And here's what we heard in Iraq, by the way. Oh, don't worry. It's going to be an invasion. It's going to be over very quickly. 

Bill Kristol said it would be over in eight weeks, but American troops were still there 10 years later. None of what we were promised happened and it turned into an endless war, as Tom Cotton calls it, a forever war, as did the one in Afghanistan. 

So, when these people start mocking “hysteria” meaning people's concerns we are getting into another Middle East war against Israel, that's when you know that things are about to happen. Clearly, Tom Cotton, at least, and many others think that it is very likely. 

We'll see how that turns out. I'm not convinced that Trump's going to go to war with Iran. I do think he threatens war a lot to get what he wants, but if he doesn't get what we want – he told Hamas while the cease-fire was still in place, the one that he facilitated and took credit for, rightly so, he said, “If you don't release all the hostages immediately, as opposed to following the agreement that we negotiated with you, hell is going to rain down upon you” and that's exactly what the Israelis are doing now. 

There was an article from the Wall Street Journal today about how Miriam Adelson and Ben Shapiro were the ones who arranged for Trump to meet with the family members of the hostages and other hostages who were released. And they told him all these stories and enraged him and he was like, “We need to get those hostages out immediately.” And when Hamas said, “No, we're going to stick to the agreement,” that's when Trump greenlit Israel going back in and bombing far more indiscriminately still. 

Earlier this week, there's a lot of evidence that they just summarily executed 15 aid workers, ambulance drivers, including some who were bound with their hands and feet, so helpless detainees. They shot them and threw them into a pit and then covered the pit. And those bodies were found because they had disappeared. 

These are the kind of things that are happening now, obviously with Trump's consent. So, when Trump's threatening Iran, you cannot be so certain that it's only to have negotiating leverage to get a good deal for their nuclear program. We had a deal in place, of course, that Trump withdrew from and invalidated. He said it wasn't a very good deal. Of course, Trump's saying, “I prefer to have a deal, but if we don't have one, we're going to bomb Iran.” And you have to take it seriously, given what just happened in Gaza, given what's now happening in Yemen. Trump's perfectly willing to start a new Middle East war and certainly Tom Cotton thinks so and is very excited about that. 

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All right, last point: there is a New York mayoral race that is happening and obviously the current incumbent Democratic Mayor, Eric Adams, is all but dead politically. In the federal court yesterday, the strategy of the Trump DOJ was to say to Eric Adams, “If you cooperate with us on deporting people in the country illegally by letting us come into New York and deport these people, we'll agree to dismiss the criminal case against you brought by the Justice Department for bribery and all kinds of money inappropriately and secretly accepted from Turkey and others” that he was indicted for. And Trump DOJ said, “If you play ball with us, we'll just drop this case. But we're not going to drop it completely, meaning with prejudice – that means we drop it and it can never be brought again.” They said, “We will drop it without prejudice, meaning we can bring it back at any time so it's like kind of a leverage that's hanging over your head. So, if you don't do what we want, you know that we can bring the case back.” 

And what the federal court did instead just yesterday was they said, “No, you cannot have it both ways.” The DOJ said it wants to dismiss this lawsuit or reject their request to do it without prejudice, meaning they could bring it back at any time. He dismissed the lawsuit with prejudice, meaning the Justice Department can never indict Adams on these issues again. But still, politically, people are very unhappy with him, not just because of the indictment, but well before that, because of the perceived mismanagement of the city and widespread corruption. 

Andrew Cuomo stepped into the breach, and he obviously is the one with the biggest name recognition. As I said before, Democrats don't care at all about sexual harassment scandals or Me Too stuff. That's just a way to demonize their enemies or to wield power. But he's ahead in the polls.

The mayoral race is just kind of getting started and there is what I find to be an interesting candidate, Zohran Mamdani. He was now in the New York Assembly, as an elected member of the New York Assembly. He's a Democrat and he comes from the more left-wing of the Democratic Party. He’s been supported by DSA, the Democratic Socialist America, but the campaign he's running is really devoid of ideology. It's very, very focused on the cost of living. 

And he's gotten so much money that he's asking for nobody to send more money. He's already reached the maximum for matching funds. There is a lot of grassroots support for him. He's very charismatic, and I think he's a very good politician. His campaign is designed to talk to people, the majority of working-class New Yorkers about the cost-of-living problems in their lives and the way to fix that. He's trying to offer very practical solutions, avoid the mistakes of Democrats, of culture war focus and all that. He's actually rising in the polls, nowhere near Andrew Cuomo yet, but there's still a lot of time left. 

He's enough of a threat that the New York Post decided to run a smear campaign on the cover of the New York Post against him and here is the title: 

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So, there you see it. It says “anti-Israel lefty.” So, the first thing they can think to say about him is that he's anti-Israel and it talks about how he's a Muslim, he's 33 years old. The first question becomes, why is this even relevant to deciding the New York mayoral race? Like, is it a requirement to take any office in the United States, including the municipal office, that you love and support Israel? Is this a requirement of American patriotism, American citizenship, or being in good standing in the United States? Do you have to fully support the wars and policies of this foreign country on the other side of the world?

 I saw someone today saying, “Well, yeah, of course it's relevant to New York because there are a million Jews in New York” and I just found that very odd because that implies that Jewish Americans vote in presidential elections not based on what's best for America, but based on what's best for Israel, which is a long-standing antisemitic trope that Jews aren't really loyal, they have dual loyalty, they vote based on what’s good for Israel. 

Obviously, Andrew Cuomo is a fanatical supporter of Israel. […] And so, they'd be very happy with Andrew Cuomo, and that's why they're attacking Mandani. But I just found it so interesting that the thing they have on him is that he's, “anti-Isreal” as though that is an important qualification for this job, which, let's face it, it actually is, in terms of how a lot of voters vote. 

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I loved Glenn's lil dig at Lex Friedman on Monday's show :) Called him "incredibly dynamic, super charismatic, always very insightful and innovative" lol. And then i thought "wait - i actually know somebody like that!" 💖🤗

She's not a podcaster, tho. She's a professor and she covers lots of interesting topics like economics & governance, tech, media, ethics, game theory, systems theory, etc. Her channel is called "The New Enlightenment with Ashley". I love her videos bc they have depth without being too long, and I'm very visual in my thinking so I love that she uses lots of pictures to illustrate her ideas. She has like a sing-songy cadence to her speech that I found a little hard to get used to at first (I don't know anybody who talks like her lol) but after watching like 2 or 3 videos, I didn't mind it anymore :)  

Anyway, if you guys like Nate Hagens, Dan S., Rebel Wisdom ppl, etc. I think you will like her, too. She has 2 intro videos: the first one below is ...

“Brilliant”, “heroic”, “tenacious”, “integrity personified” - These are some terms I’ve used to describe Glenn Greenwald. But after hearing the Sam Harris segment on Friday’s show, I have to add “absolutely fucking hilarious” to my list of applicable descriptors. Glenn’s sometimes-deadpan dry wit gets a laugh out of a few times a week, but that one had me rolling for 10 minutes solid. So much love, brother!

@ggreenwald I don't know if everyone has watched this already, but I'm going to post it on here anyway because it is such a fantastic conversation.
I'm a contractor who works construction. I work in what may be one of the last industries here in Canada that is completely free of gender or racial "equality" when it comes to hiring. My wife, friends, and most of the people I'm very close with, share a similar deep belief in liberty, freedom and individualism and the deep hatred of any kind of racial or gender politics I do. I really believe in Austrian economics and think socialism can't and has never worked. So clearly, Briahna and Glenn come from the opposite end of the political spectrum and also come from a much different world than I do, but hearing them talk about bringing the left and right together to form coalitions on all the important issues hits hard. I love it. I really think it's what Glenn tries do in his work and I find that so noble. And interesting, as I don't have much access to...

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Trump Mocks Concerns About Epstein; Trump Continues Biden's Policy of Arming Ukraine; Trump and Lula Exchange Barbs Over Brazil
System Update #483

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 Much of the MAGA world was in turmoil, confusion and anger yesterday –understandably so – after the Trump DOJ announced it was closing the Epstein files and its investigation with no further disclosures of any kind. After all this happened, some attempt was made to try and pin the blame or isolate the blame for all of this on Attorney General Pam Bondi. Yet, Donald Trump himself, today, when asked about all of this, went much further than anyone else when meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in the White House again: President Trump actually mocked and angrily dismissed any concerns over the Epstein matter and how it was handled. 

On our second segment, one of the uniting views of Trump supporters over the last four years has been opposition to the Biden administration's policy of arming, funding, and fueling Ukraine in its war against Russia. Yesterday, however, at the same meeting with Netanyahu, Trump announced that he would continue the Biden policy that he had spent so many years criticizing by now providing defensive arms at least to Ukraine, and he did so based on the longstanding neocon/liberal view that Putin is completely untrustworthy and therefore Russia must be thought because of Putin. That's what Trump himself said. 

Then, we’ll comment on Trump’s lengthy tweet attacking Brazil for its ongoing prosecution of former Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro, during the BRICS Summit being held in Rio de Janeiro. This was something we were going to cover last night and didn't have time to, but we will tonight. Brazil's President Lula da Silva quickly responded, very defiantly, by basically telling Trump to mind his own business. 

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Last night, we covered quite extensively the decision by the Trump Justice Department, not even six months into the administration, to completely shut down and close and stop all investigations into Jeffrey Epstein, as well as announcing that there will be no further disclosures of any documents of any kind, that whatever they've released so far, which has basically been nothing – not basically, has been nothing – is all you're going to get. 

This is a blatant betrayal of multiple promises made by key Trump officials over the last four years, before they were in the White House, but was also a complete 180 in terms of what key Trump influencers and pundits had been saying, including several pundits who are now running the FBI, such as Kash Patel and Dan Bongino, as well as the Justice Department, including Pam Bondi. 

We even showed you an interview that Alina Habba, the Trump attorney who is now the U.S. attorney for New Jersey, appointed by Donald Trump, did with Pierce Morgan while she was in the government, just in February, where she claimed they have a whole bunch of very incriminating lists with shocking names. She said there's video and there are all kinds of documents that are shocking, in her words, and she said they're going to be released over time because we've gone long enough where people who do these sorts of things, including are involved in the Epstein scandal, have no accountability. She said that is ending with the Trump administration. There's going to be accountability. 

Yesterday, the Trump Justice Department said, “No, there's nothing here. We looked. There's no such thing as a client list.” We know we've been promising and that JD Vance repeatedly said, “Where's the client list?” Donald Trump Jr. said, “Anyone hiding the client lists is a scumbag.” Dan Bongino, Kash Patel, Pam Bondi accused Biden officials of basically covering up predatory pedophilia by refusing to release the Jeffrey Epstein client list. Now, they're saying there's no client list, that thing we've been talking about and accusing Biden officials of hiding and promising to disclose, that doesn't exist. 

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Trump DOJ: There's Nothing to the Epstein Story; State Dept: Syria's Al-Qaeda are No Longer "Terrorists"
System Update #482

The following is an abridged transcript from System Update’s most recent episode. You can watch the full episode on Rumble or listen to it in podcast form on Apple, Spotify, or any other major podcast provider.  

System Update is an independent show free to all viewers and listeners, but that wouldn’t be possible without our loyal supporters. To keep the show free for everyone, please consider joining our Locals, where we host our members-only aftershow, publish exclusive articles, release these transcripts, and so much more!

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One of the most significant scandals among MAGA pundits and operatives within pro-Trump discourse generally over the last four years has been the one involving Jeffrey Epstein. 

Now, in less than five months, the DOJ announced today, the one under Pam Bondi, that they are closing the investigation, given the certainty that they say they have that Epstein had no client list. There's no such thing as an Epstein client list, he never tried to blackmail anyone and no powerful people were involved whatsoever with his sexual abuse of minors. They also say that he undoubtedly killed himself: there's no question about that. 

All of this is such a blatant betrayal of what was promised all of these years, such that all but the most blindly loyal Trump followers – like the real cult numbers, a lot of them almost certainly paid to be that – are reacting with understandable confusion and anger over what happened today and over the last several months. We'll delve into all of this and what this means. 

Then, Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced today that the group that al-Golani once led, long known as al-Qaeda's affiliate in Syria, is no longer officially a designated terrorist group. This is al-Qaeda. We'll explore what all of this shows about the utterly vacant and manipulated propaganda terms, terrorist and terrorism. 

As a note, we did not have enough time, so we’ll talk about President Trump’s tweet attacking Brazil and its government, on the day of the BRICS Summit in Rio de Janeiro, some other time soon.

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Earlier today, the Justice Department issued a statement, essentially announcing that they no longer consider any of the questions surrounding what had long been the Epstein scandal to be worthwhile investigation; that essentially all of these questions have been answered, that there's really nothing to look into. 

You can read the Justice Department's statement here.

They're saying this client list that most Trump supporters, I would say, have been accusing the U.S. government, of hiding to protect all the powerful people on this list, now, that they're in power – people like Pam Bondi, Dan Bongino and Kash Patel, now they're in charge – they're saying, no, actually there is no client list at all. There's at least no incriminating client list, whatever that means. 

I don't know if there is a client list or not, but according to them, there's no incriminating client list. I don't know how you can have a client list that's not incriminating: to be a client of Jeffrey Epstein seems inherently incriminating. They seem to have said what the White House briefing said today when asked about this, because as we'll show you, Pam Bondi went on Fox News and was asked, “Are you going to release the client list?” And she said, “It's sitting on my desk for review.” 

Trump had strongly suggested he would order it released. Now they're saying, “You know what? There is no client list.” 

So, all these claims that Jeffrey Epstein had recordings of prominent individuals who he invited to his island, who had sex with minors, evidently, there's no incriminating material of any kind that would implicate any powerful person. Just not there, they checked. They checked the storage closets, they looked under the beds, just couldn't find anything. All the stuff they had been claiming was there for years, screaming and pounding the table on podcasts, making a lot of money over it, too, accusing Biden officials of hiding this all for corrupt ends, just not there. They looked, couldn't find it. 

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System Update #481

The following is an abridged transcript from System Update’s most recent episode. You can watch the full episode on Rumble or listen to it in podcast form on Apple, Spotify, or any other major podcast provider.  

System Update is an independent show free to all viewers and listeners, but that wouldn’t be possible without our loyal supporters. To keep the show free for everyone, please consider joining our Locals, where we host our members-only aftershow, publish exclusive articles, release these transcripts, and so much more!

AD_4nXdjbpoTTLOmpbn81q-fbdtNH5KAjOl7i674NJwHWMr-BPjOVIwcl04UDSw7pd8lyyarg4eQNlqToNtF0abDltxOZp1oTlEV403-2j_MJggeocO1jXm8yVmaT6T7gCplMc-4PcBtWJGJbmmtZ1QRKoA?key=IE-A7iIKYOSYqSVSuMR2PQ

 

I don't know if you heard, but there's some breaking news, and that is that tomorrow is July 4, which in the United States is a major holiday. The Fourth of July is the day that we celebrate our independence from the tyranny of the British Crown. Tomorrow we will be taking the holiday off in large part because the appetite for watching political content or political news apps and some big political story on July 4 is quite reduced and so everyone can use a three-day weekend. 

What we usually do on Friday night is the Q&A session, something very important to us and something that we try to do at least once a week because it's one of the main benefits that we believe not only give to our Locals members but also receive from them. 

It's always kind of a hodgepodge, but it always ends up as one of our most interesting shows, we think, throughout the week, one of the shows that produces the best reaction. Since we're not doing a show on Friday, we're going to do it tonight instead. We have some excellent questions. There's one really confrontational question – I was going to say a bitchy question, but I want to be a little more professional in that – let's say confrontational questioning, critical. We're going to try to deal with that one as well. 

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So one of the things that shows throughout the week is that I happen to speak a lot. I analyze things, I dissect things, I read evidence, I show you videos, I talk to guests, I ask them questions. And what we try to do on our Q&A is to be respectful with the question and give an in-depth answer. 

I'd rather answer four or five by giving in-depth answers that I hope are thought-provoking than just speeding through them. I'd rather do a substantive response to four or five than a quick, superficial one to nine or 10. So let's go do that. 

The first one is from @If TruthBeTold and this is what they asked: 

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Well, let's begin with the fact that there is a reasonably effective instrument for preventing foreign interests and foreign lobbies from exerting influence in our country in a way that's stealthy or covert; that’s the FARA registration, which requires foreign agents acting on behalf of other countries to register as such so that everybody knows if they're slinking around Congress, whispering in politicians' ears, asking for legislation on behalf of a foreign government because they've disclosed it. 

And so if you work for the Iranian government, they're paying you to influence members of the legislator, if you do that for Qatar, if you do it for Russia, if you do it for Saudi Arabia – and the premise of the question correct, huge numbers of foreign interests lobby in the United States, you're required to declare that publicly on a FARA registration form and you can go see those, they're publicly available, and you can see who's lobbying on behalf of foreign governments for pay. 

One of the problems is that, for some reason – and you can fill in the blanks here – AIPAC has become exempt from that requirement. AIPAC is a lobbying group that reports to the Israeli government, meets all the time with the Israeli government, and gets funding from Israeli sources. Ted Cruz tried to deny that AIPAC is operating on behalf of a foreign government. Tucker Carlson asked him, “Well, has there ever been a single position that AIPAC has taken that deviates from the Netanyahu government?” and Ted Cruz said, “Sure, they do it all the time.” And Tucker Carlson said, “Oh, that's great. Why don't you name one?” And of course, Ted Cruz couldn't because it never happens, because AIPAC is an arm of the Israeli government trying to exert influence in the United States. 

And yet, for some reason, for a lot of reasons, in contrast to all the other examples I just named, when you have to fill out a foreign agent registration form, people who work for AIPAC or on behalf of the Israel lobby don't. Their claim is, “Oh, we're not lobbying for Israel. We're lobbying for the United States. We just believe that if the United States does everything that Israel wants, that's good for the United States. We're an American group. We're patriotic. We're America first. We just think that America benefits when it does everything that the Israeli government tells it to do.” 

John F. Kennedy strongly advocated and started to demand that the predecessor group to AIPAC register as an agent of a foreign government. He couldn't understand why it didn't have to, alone among all the other groups. And it never ended up happening because JFK's presidency ended when he was killed. 

Again, I'm not drawing any kind of causal link there. I'm not even trying to imply it. I'm just giving you the chronology as to why that never came back. And since then, nobody has ever talked about that. So, that's one thing. The other is that AIPAC is uniquely well-financed in terms of being a lobby operating on behalf of foreign governments. It hides that in a lot of ways, but I'll just give you an example. In the last Congress, there were two members in particular who AIPAC identified as being too critical of Israel. They were both Black members of Congress who represented primarily Black, poor districts, and the rhetoric started to become, which is threatening to AIPAC, ‘Wait, why are we sending billions and billions and billions of dollars to Israel when Israelis enjoy things like better access to health care and more subsidies for college than our own citizens do, when millions of Israelis have better standards of living than millions of people in the United States, including in my district? Why are we sending the money there instead of keeping it at home and improving our lives? 

Two of the people they identified as highly vulnerable were Jamaal Bowman and Cori Bush. I've certainly had criticisms of both of them, particularly Jamaal Bowman, but also Cori Bush – but that's not why AIPAC was interested in moving them from Congress. They poured $15 million – $15 million into a single house district in a Democratic primary – they found this Black politician in St. Louis to challenge Cori Bush, who promised to be an AIPAC puppet, and he has kept his promise. Wesley Bell is his name. He should put AIPAC in the middle of his name because it's much more descriptive of what he is now. And they just removed Cori Bush from Congress and put in this person who is basically the same as Cori Bush, except he loves and worships and devotes himself to Israel, never criticizes it. 

They did the same with Jamaal Bowman. They got George Latimer, who's white, but he was a county executive known in the district, and they poured $15 million into that. I don't know of any other interest group on behalf of a foreign government that has not just the ability, but the brazenness, the willingness, to be so open about destroying people’s careers in Congress that they're not sufficiently loyal to a foreign government. 

So the question is, well, what's the solution? Are you more willing to consider the problem of money in politics? I've never doubted the problems of big money in politics. I've always recognized that there are massive problems with huge amounts of money in politics. The founders did as well. They were capitalists. Obviously, they weren't opposed to financial inequality. They were often very rich themselves, property owners and the like, but they also warned that massive inequality in the financial realm can easily spill over into something they did want to avoid, which is inequality in the political realm or the legal realm. And clearly that's happening. 

The problem is, how do you restrict the expenditure of money for political purposes without running afoul of the First Amendment? Let me just give you an example of what this kind of law would entail. This was at the heart of Citizens United, which was the five-to-four Supreme Court decision in 2010 that invalidated certain amounts of financial campaign finance restrictions on the grounds that it violated the First Amendment. 

Let's say you're a group that wants to improve conditions for the homeless, and you want to bring attention to the problems of the homeless and solutions you really believe in as a citizen; you're just like trying to pursue a political cause that you believe in. You get together a bunch of money from your friends from other groups, you save your money and use that money to publish films, ads and documentaries about which politicians are helping the homeless and which ones are harming them. Then, you also may hire somebody who has influence in Congress, who can get you into doors to talk to members of Congress, to try to persuade them to enact legislation that will help the homeless. If you have laws that say that you can't lobby, you can’t spend money on political advocacy. It's not just going to mean that Israel and Raytheon can't go into Congress or that Facebook and Palantir can't; It's going to mean that nobody can. And that clearly is a restriction on your ability to, not your ability but your right under the Constitution to petition your government for redress, to speak freely about grievances you have against your government. 

I've always thought the better solution than trying to restrict First Amendment rights by eliminating money from politics is to equalize it through public campaign financing. So, if your opponent raises $10 million through billionaire spending or very rich people, the government will match your funds and give you $10 billion. 

We do have matching funds in certain places. We also have a better tradition and culture of small-dollar donors that compete with big-money donors. I mean Bernie Sanders' campaign drowned in money in 2016 because of small donors. AOC has insane amounts of money that largely come from small donors over the internet. Donald Trump had a ton of small donors, in addition to very big ones. Zohran Mamdani, actually, got so much money at the start of the campaign from grassroots donors that he actually asked them not to give anymore because, under the matching fund system of the city, where you can raise money up to a certain level and then they match it, he reached the maximum. He didn't need any more money because he wanted to get the matching funds. 

That has been encouraging; the internet and various fundraising networks enable small donor contributions to a huge amount, making people competitive, who aren't relying on big money. But once you start trying to regulate how people can spend their money for political causes, remember Citizens United grew out of an advocacy group, they were conservative, they produced a documentary, publishing, highlighting and documenting what they believed were the crimes and corruptions of the Clintons before the 2008 election. So, they made a film about one of the most powerful politicians on Earth and it contained information they wanted the general public to see before voting, potentially making her president. And that was, they were told, a violation of campaign finance laws because they were a nonprofit, and under the campaign finance laws in question, corporations, including nonprofits or unions, were banned from spending money 60 days before an election. 

That's why groups like the ACLU and labor unions sided with Citizens United and argued that this campaign finance law, which the court, by a 5-4 decision, overturned, is in fact unconstitutional. People forget the ACLU and labor unions that also would have been restricted, were also part of the urging of the majority decision, even though it's considered a conservative decision. 

I think there are much better ways to equalize the playing field when it comes to lobbying: make AIPAC and all of its operatives and the entire Israel lobby required to register under FARA, just like everybody else does. If they don't, they go to prison, just like anybody else does who doesn't file the FARA forms deliberately or intends to deceive. And then, also, find ways to make the playing field even without telling people, citizens, that they can't spend their money that they earn and that they make on political advocacy, on campaigns to convince the public of certain things against various other candidates. I think there are many better ways to do it than that. 

 

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All right, @TearDrinker asked the following. And this is somebody, I'm quite sure, that if you start crying, he gets so happy, he'll drink your tears. He looks for that. That's who asked this question. So, I think we do have a lot of very noble and benevolent people in our audience but we also have some very dark people in the audience and I think @TearDrinker is one of those. Nonetheless, the question is very good. We all have dark sides, good sides and bad sides. We're very complex. So is our audience. And here's his very good question: 

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I had several people on my show from the start who were vehement opponents of U.S. financing, NATO financing of the war in Ukraine. Jeffrey Sachs was one, John Mearsheimer was another and Stephen Walt was another. We had several people, we had members of Congress, Matt Gaetz and Marjorie Taylor Greene, part of the MAGA movement, Rand Paul as well, RFK Jr., when he was running for president. We had a lot of people but Professor Mearsheimer, Jeffrey Sachs and Stephen Walt in particular were overwhelmingly prescient in predicting what would happen, even though at the time you weren't allowed to say this because if you said this, if you said reality, you would get accused of being a Russian propagandist or pro-Kremlin or all the things they use to smear people who are questioning the prevailing propaganda. Just like we saw in this last war, if you questioned U.S. bombing of Iran or the Israeli attack on Iran, you were accused of pro-Mullahs, loving the Ayatollahs, same thing every time. 

One of the things that they were saying is like, “Look, it doesn't matter how many weapons you give to Ukraine, it does matter how much money you hand to Kiev.” Even if it didn't get all sucked up in the massive corruption that has long governed Ukraine – which of course it will, but let's assume it didn’t, let's just say it was a very honest, well-accounted for country driven by integrity and principle and all the money was used for exactly what it was earmarked for – even if that happened and even if the Ukrainian people were incredibly courageous and they were at the beginning but even so… 

You know, there's a dog behavior that I've seen so many times. If you go to a dog park and two dogs are going to fight and they're on neutral ground, no one owns the dog park, the stronger dog is likely to win. But if you took those same dogs and the weaker dog in the dog park was at home and the stronger one in the park went to the house of the weaker dog, the weaker dog would suddenly become very strong. And typically, I'm not saying in all cases, obviously a Poodle and a Rottweiler, it's going to be the same result, but I'm saying when it's even remotely close, when you're defending your home – and this is definitely true in the canine world, they fight much more passionately, much more aggressively, much more confidently. And I think that's the same for human beings. 

And so the Ukrainians were very feisty, very punching above their weight at the beginning but even so, and all these people on my show said it, and I got convinced, that it was true from the very start, even if everything went right for the Ukrainians, even if you give them everything they want, the simple fact that Russia is so much bigger and that this is going to be a ground war of attrition between two neighboring countries, meant that inevitably Russia was going to win. It might take a year, it might take two years, it might take five years. The only possibility is that the Ukrainian population of young men, and as they expanded the draft, it became middle-aged, young to middle-aged men, were going to be obliterated, were going to disappear and obviously were huge numbers of young Russian men, but they have so many more that they can just keep replenishing them and losing that amount without having any real effect on Russia, which is like a gigantic country. And that's what's happened between the people who were killed in Ukraine, the people who fled and deserted, and there are a lot of them. There's basically a generation of Ukrainian men missing, which in turn means women aren't dating and aren't marrying. It just destroys the whole society.

The last time we really heard any promises that there was going to be a change was in 2023. There was going to be this great counterattack during the summer, like David Petraeus and Max Boot and all the people who promised the same thing was going to happen in Iraq with the surge were they telling us, “No, this counterattack is going to change everything.” It didn't change anything. Russia has maintained the 22%, 23%, 24% of Ukraine that they occupied, and they've been expanding more and more. There's no way to stop that unless you send in NATO troops or U.S. troops to have a direct war with Russia, which would by definition be World War III. 

The EU, has these – I'm going to say they're primarily women and I say that because a lot of left-wing parties in Europe ran explicitly on the idea that they were going to put women in foreign policy positions because women are less likely to be militaristic, warmongering, seeking conflict, they're much more likely to rely on diplomacy to resolve disputes because it's more in the woman nature. This was the feminist argument, a very essentialist and reductive view of how women and men resolve conflicts. 

But instead, you look at these warmongers, and you're up there like Ursula von der Leyen, who's the president of the EU. Nobody elected her. She's a maniac, a sociopath. The foreign affairs minister is the former prime minister of Estonia. It's like a million people. She's now like the foreign minister; she goes around demanding more and more war. And then the Green Party in Germany is the worst. They ran on this feminist foreign policy explicitly. And they have Annalena Baerbock as the Foreign Minister: she sounds like something out of 1939, talking about the glories of war. 

And even with all that, the Europeans are going to send in troops, the Americans are going to send in troops and so the more we prolong this war, the more we destroy Ukraine, the country, and the more we sacrifice the lives of Ukrainians. And that has been the neocon argument. It's like, you don't have to worry. Americans aren't dying. It's the Ukrainians who are dying. Remember, they're not fighting voluntarily. They're conscripted. A lot of them are fleeing, a lot of them are deserting. They just don't have the people to fight. 

Over the last couple of weeks, there have been announcements that the U.S. is going to slow down or stop certain weapons transfers that had previously been allocated under the Biden administration. One of the people who is announcing this, who's deciding this, is Elbridge Colby. You remember that Elbridge Colby was one that the neocons tried so hard to stop his confirmation to the high levels of the Pentagon because his view has long been that we have no interest in a lot of the wars we fight, including in Ukraine, including in the Middle East, we ought to be focusing on China and the Pacific. And neocon groups that obviously want the United States focused on fighting in the Middle East, funding Ukraine, were desperate to keep him out. 

There are a few others. Some of those non-interventionists who made the high levels of the Pentagon, like Dan Caldwell, who ended up getting fired because they fabricated leaks against him that were completely fake. We'll do a show on that one time. But there are still several of them. And so Elbridge Colby, when he announced this policy, like, Look, we were going to ship all these munitions and missiles to Ukraine, but now we can't. The reason we can, and we have gone over this before, is because U.S. stockpiles are dangerously low. We don't have these missiles and munitions to give, at least not consistently with making sure that we have enough in the case we want to fight another war. And the reasons are obvious. We've been sending missiles and munitions and drones and everything else we have to Ukraine and to Israel to fuel their wars. 

Israel has multiple wars, not just in Gaza, but also in the West Bank, in Lebanon, in Syria. It has bombed the Houthis many times and attacked Iran. The United States has been arming and funding and just sending huge amounts of weaponry to Ukraine. And also remember, President Trump re-instituted and escalated President Biden's campaign of bombing the Houthis. And the idea was we're going to obliterate the Houthis. After a month, President Trump got the report and saw how much money we were spending, how many weapons we were using, how much money it was costing, and nothing was really getting done. We were killing a bunch of civilians and not really degrading the Houthis at all. And they told him, “Oh, sir, we just need nine more months.” But he ended it because he saw he was being deceived again. And we're very low on military stockpile, even though we spend three times more than any other country on the planet and more than the next 15 countries combined. 

This was one of the reasons why, although we've been told that Israel and the United States together achieved this massive, glorious war victory, Netanyahu and Trump are war heroes, when Trump called on Netanyahu to be immediately pardoned or have his corruption trial stopped, it was like, “Look, he just, with me, won a historic war.” It's very important for Trump and Israel to insist to people that they won this great war, this historic war, in 12 days. 

The reality is that the Israelis really couldn't fight that war for much longer. You saw with fewer and fewer missiles shot by Iran, not even most sophisticated yet, that more and more of a landing. We don't know the full extent of the damage in Israel because journalists will tell you they were absolutely and aggressively censored by the military from showing any hits on government or military buildings. The only things they were allowed to show were the occasional hits by the Iranians on a civilian building here, a residential building there, to create the false impression that they were targeting and only hitting civilian buildings, but a lot of Israel suffered a lot of damage. President Trump said that himself, that Israel took a huge pounding. They didn't have air defenses any longer. They were running out and the United States couldn't continue to supply them. We were running out of our own missiles that we use to shoot down Iranian missiles. Israel and the United States didn't end to that war at least as much as Iran did because we were so low on our stock files because we're fighting so many wars or funding so many wars. And so the argument of the Pentagon and Elbridge Colby is, “Look, we just don't have these weapons to keep giving to Ukraine. We need them for ourselves. If we keep giving them to Ukraine, we're not going to have any on our own and our priority should be our military and our protection and not Ukraine's.” 

If this were really a difference between Ukraine winning the war, if we give them the weapons as defined by NATO, which was always a pipe dream. However, the definition was expelling every Russian troop from every inch of Ukraine, including Crimea, which the Russians would never ever allow to happen. If it were a difference between Ukraine winning or Ukraine just getting rolled over, then I would say, okay, maybe there's a debate to be had. But the reality is we've been feeding them weapons into the fourth year now. It's four whole years, coming up on four years, three and a half years of not just the United States sending billions and billions of dollars, but also Europe, and Ukraine hasn't been saved. Ukraine has been destroyed. Ukrainians haven't been freed. They've been slaughtered in mass numbers. And that's all that's going to happen if we keep sending weapons there. 

Of course, the Europeans are relying on this fearmongering that Putin is not going to stop with Ukraine. He wants to eat up all of Ukraine. He's demonstrated many times that he's willing to do a peace deal that secures a buffer zone in eastern Ukraine that protects the ethnic Russians who speak Russian and feel they've been aggressively discriminated against by the Kiev government. The people of Crimea and various provinces in the east feel closer to Moscow than they do to Kiev. They identify as Russians and not Ukrainians. So, as long as Russia feels that, A, they can protect those people, and B, create a buffer zone between NATO and the West on the one hand and Russia on the other so it can't go right up to their border, they've always said they're willing to reach a deal. 

And remember, Ukraine and Russia they almost reached a deal at the very beginning of the war that didn't call for the complete sacrifice of Ukrainian sovereignty, but only those kinds of buffer zones or semi-autonomous regions to letting them vote, and that was the deal that Victoria Nuland and Boris Johnson swept in and told Ukraine they can't keep and they wanted this war to be a prolonged war to destroy Russia. So this fearmongering that Putin's going to eat up all of Ukraine and he's going to move to Poland and then he's like Hitler, he's going to sweep through Eastern Europe and then Central Europe, back to Austria and Germany and then is going to go to Paris again, this is idiotic. 

The Russians have had a hard time defeating Ukraine, albeit with, obviously, Ukraine's being aggressively backed by NATO. But even if they weren't, they were willing to do a deal that just provides Russian security. But wars always are raw and fearmongering, and so they've convinced a lot of people if we don't back the Ukrainians, Russia is going to just roll over and take over, annex Ukraine and rebuild the Soviet Union under this kind of view of Greater Russia that Putin supposedly has in mind, the way Israel is actually doing, creating Greater Israel. There's so much evidence that contradicts that, so little evidence that supports it, but at the end of the day, where are these people going to come from who are going to fight on the front lines in Ukraine? There aren't many left. We can drown that country with billions of dollars in weapons and the war is still going to end up the way it's going to end up. You may not like it, it may be sad to you, you may wish it were a different way, but that is just the reality. 

There have been experts saying it very bravely, I mean, Jeffrey Sachs used to go on “Morning Joe” all the time, until he started saying this, and he hasn't been on again. People get booted out of mainstream platforms, they get called all sorts of names, Russian agents, Kremlin propaganda, etc., but who cares? Those people were the ones who were absolutely right, which is why we kept putting them on our show. They were by far the most convincing people. And that is the nature of the war in Ukraine and the U.S. role in it. Even if we wanted to keep supplying the weapons, we simply don't have them because we've been fueling and arming far too many wars: our own, Israel's and Ukraine's. That's what happens. 

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I think this is the third question, and it comes from @BookWench. And this person, I believe, is a wench, self-described, I'm not being insulting, they're a wench. And they really like books. And if you're going to be a wench, I think it’s better to be a well-read wench than some ignorant one. It's a good friend of the show, often asks some really great questions. And here's the one submitted by this wench tonight. 

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She’s talking about our show last night. If you haven't seen it, that's a great summary of it. But we talked about the integration of Big Tech companies like Meta, OpenAI and Palantir increasingly into the media, while at the same time, Trump and big media corporations are reaching all sorts of nefarious agreements about what their coverage should and shouldn't be.

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I'll give you a parallel example to make this point, rather than just addressing this one directly. Oftentimes people focus on what words apply, like what inflammatory words apply, what shocking or extreme political jargon applies, and even if that jargon is important, even if it has fixed meaning, even if deserves to be applied, traditionally, I've tried to avoid arguments over words or labels because so many people feel so strongly about them that even if they might be open to your argument on the substance and the merits, the minute you use that word, a lot of people just shut off. 

That was why it took me a few months to call what Israel was doing in Gaza a genocide, not because I doubted that the term applied but just because there are a lot of people open to hearing the facts about what Israel is doing in Gaza and seeing how horrific and criminal and atrocious it is, but the minute you use the word genocide, they just kind of instantly turn away from it. I often make the assessment, I'd rather have the channel open for communication than use a word that I know that's just going to close that channel. 

A lot of times, though, it does become necessary to use that term, I don't just mean genocide, but a term that can't have that effect because it's indispensable to understanding the situation. And that's how I came to see the word genocide in Gaza and ethnic cleansing, even more so. You can't really talk about Gaza without talking about that intent. It's not my guess about that; it's based on the statements that the Israelis have made about their war objectives and then their actions that align with it. But in general, I like to avoid those kinds of words. 

Fascism is definitely one of them. I promise fascism is similar to my problem with genocide and there are a lot of other words like this. There are a lot of words that get thrown around that even if they have a clear and fixed meaning, the people throwing them around aren't very capable of defining in a very concrete, specific way what the words mean. Fascism, to me, has almost become colloquial for just, like, Hitler-like or authoritarian or using aggressive racist themes combined with abuse of government power but the word and concept Fascism is a lot more complex than that, and it involves a lot more prongs than that. 

People study fascism for years in universities. There are graduate programs where you study fascism. It's a philosophy, it's an ideology that was developed in a very specific historical context. It ended up shaping the Italian government in the 1930s under Mussolini and then, of course, the Germans; you could argue Franco in Spain also was an expression of it. But I just feel like throwing the word fascism around at Trump or the Republicans, or especially, of all, it means a kind of aggressive authoritarianism. It just doesn't serve any purpose because I think the Biden administration was extremely authoritarian in lots of different ways. I think most administrations of the last 25 years have been. Very few people spent more time vocally, vehemently condemning Bush-Cheney than I did. I wrote books about it, including arguments that they ought to be prosecuted for things they did, spying on Americans without warrants, torturing people and kidnapping them off the streets of Europe. But I don't think I ever called them fascists. Not because someone had studied or done that, would have been offended or argued that it didn't apply, but just because I don't think it helps the conversation any. 

I think one of the worst things the Biden administration did is essentially commandeered the power of Big Tech to control political discourse in the United States, dictating to Big Tech what they ought to suppress and what they are to permit. In doing so, they absolutely warped and suppressed crucial debates about COVID, about Ukraine, about even election integrity that ought to have been aired. One of the things that bothered me about it so much was that you had the government on the one hand and corporate power on the other in the form of Big Tech and the Biden administration was basically annexing the power of Big Tech and corporate power to control free speech. 

I often pointed out that, ironically, the Democrats love to call Donald Trump a fascist, uniting state and corporate power, eliminating the separation between them, where they each have different objectives, sometimes overlapping, sometimes not, but uniting them as one entity working toward exactly the same goal. That was what Hitler did. There was no arms industry that wasn't under the control of the government. There was no private sector not under the control of the government, all working toward a common theme and a common unity. 

That is what's happening here as well as these major corporations like OpenAI, Palantir and Facebook more and more directly and expansively integrate into the military, into the intelligence community, into the government. But there are other factors, other prongs of fascism as well, and people debate it. And so if I were to say that, oh, this is fascism, the Trump government is fascist or the Biden administration is fascist, it might be satisfying to people who want to hear that and who believe that. But for a lot of people, they would just turn that off as Fox junk in the case of Biden or MSNBC junk in the case of Trump, and oftentimes that is what it is, just junk. It's people spewing it without having any idea what those terms mean, just to get maximum emotional catharsis or provoke emotional reactions. 

I would much rather do what we did last night, which is spend 45 or 50 minutes, maybe an hour, however much we spent, showing people exactly what's happening, showing this integration between corporate and state power for surveillance purposes, for military purposes, for intelligence gathering. Talk about the dangers of it in a way that I hope people are open-minded, because we're showing them the evidence. The minute you start using terms that they're kind of inherently going to repel or just recoil from, I feel like I can call it fascism and congratulate myself, but I don't feel like it does much good. I feel like actually does the reverse. If these terms were very clearly agreed to specific meanings that everyone understood, I wouldn't have a problem with using them when they applied, but since they don't at all, I think these words are obfuscated. 

But I did point out last night, and I will say again, that integrating corporate and state power is a hallmark of fascism and whether all the other hallmarks of fascism are present, it's extremely dangerous for the reasons we delved into extensively last night if you want to understand more how we think about that and what we said you can, if you haven't already, check out last night's show

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All right, next question @KKtowas, who says this:

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I don't want to be too cavalier about paraphrasing this. The question did do a good job of describing it. I'd rather show the actual words. If you haven't heard it, it's really worth watching. I definitely understand why it provoked this question. 

So, let me focus on the part that I do actually feel comfortable paraphrasing, which is Ross Douthat did ask Peter Thiel, “Do you favor the continuation of the human race? Is this something that you actually think is a good thing?” 

Elon Musk has been asked this before. Part of what Elon Musk wants to do is make sure humanity is multiplanetary, starting with life on Mars. A lot of people think, ‘Oh, you must think that's because humanity on Earth is doomed; otherwise, why is it so important to you to make humanity multiplanetary?’ There are other reasons why you might, but that's a suspicion, and not just to make it multiplanetary because the Earth is doomed, but also to transform what it means to be human. 

This kind of philosophy has been popular among these more extreme Silicon Valley types of Transhumanism, something that transcends humanity or fundamentally transforms it. Typically, I think merging humanity with technology or with a machine for a superior being, it's definitely how a lot of them think of artificial intelligence. I, one time, got a root canal, which I hate as much as anybody – I think I hate it more, but probably everyone hates it equally – but one of the only good things about it is that it lasts for two hours. I have the time to sit and listen to podcasts that ordinarily I wouldn't have time to listen to, or the inclination, just because I have to have my brain distracted. I can't, even if my mouth is totally numb and I don't feel it. I don't like hearing what the dentist is doing. I don't want to think about what tools he's using and why. There's almost no job I'd rather have least than being a dentist and just constantly being in someone's mouth every day looking at their teeth. But whatever. So, I try to distract myself and one of the ways I did so is I listening to Mark Zuckerberg's appearance on Joe Rogan. He was talking at length about his vision that soon we're going to take all these devices, virtual reality devices and AI devices, and they're no longer going to be exterior instruments that we wear, like Googles on our head or phones or earpieces or things in our phone. It's going to be part of our anatomy. He was talking about drilling into brains in order to have this technology part of the human brain, and at first he said the first use is going to medical, somebody has a neurological injury or some other serious neurological problem, this machine will help them with that functionality. But critically, he was talking as well about an ultimate merger between technology and human beings, which in one way may not change the nature of human beings in the beginning. It's just kind of another instrument. You can imagine this earpiece. Say you wear an earpiece of the kind people commonly use now to listen to things on a computer, connected by Bluetooth to their phones. Does it really change humanity if, instead of just having this come in and out, it's just now implanted in our ears? Does it change humanity? Well, when you start talking about the brain and changing how our brains think and produce thought, or having AI be the future of what a human being should be, but in a spiritual form, that's clearly transhumanistic. That's transforming what a human being fundamentally is. 

There are all kinds of questions that come with that. If you believe in a soul, does this have a soul? And the way Mark Zuckerberg was so cavalier in talking about it, I found very creepy. 

Let me just say one thing. I think the question referenced that Peter Thiel stuttered when he answered and kind of had big pauses. Peter Thiel always does that. The reason is – and he's talked about this before, he's autistic – and that means you don't have the same capacity for social interaction. 

One of the things he said that I found super interesting was what he thinks the benefit of being autistic, not severely autistic, where you aren't verbal, can't interact with people at all, but somewhere on the spectrum of where he places himself. When you don't have autism and you're very clued into social cues – and we are social and political animals, we do interact as groups, we are not solitary beings – that if you're so aware of social cues and you're constantly receiving what social cues are, in a way it's making you more conformist, kind of morphing you into society, you understand what society expects of you, you understand what the society thinks, you understand what you're supposed to say in most situations. And he was saying that that can really make you conformist. It can kind of just make you part of this blob. Whereas he sees his autism as almost a gift because feeling detached, excluded, or isolated from majoritarian societal sentiments, ethos and mores forces you to see things differently, to look at things differently. And then that, of course, is the kind of thing that can lead to innovation and invention. Steve Jobs was not autistic, but he actually has said in interviews, people don't talk about this, but it's so true, that had he not taken LSD and had experience with other hallucinogens, he never would have invented the iPad or various Apple products, that it was that kind of transcendent thought that enabled him to have this vision that he otherwise wouldn't have had. On some level, mind-altering drugs can be analogized to autism and so, yes, Peter Thiel stutters; he stumbles. Oftentimes, it seems like he's sweating or having difficulty answering the question, but in reality, it's autism and the way he speaks. But it does affect how people perceive him. 

Let me show you this clip that the question asked, because I think it's really worth hearing him in his own words. 

Video. Ross Douthat, Peter Thiel, TikTok.

Let me say a couple of things about this. People who think about changes in the future are often looked at as strange and weird because generally, the future is something we can't really imagine. 

I remember when I was young, I'm still young, but I remember when I was younger, when I was a child, and I used to go visit my grandparents. My grandfather was born in 1904. My grandmother was born in 1910. I spent a lot of time over there when I was younger and I constantly thought about how bizarre it was that they were born into a world that didn't have airplanes, didn't have radio, didn't have television, didn't really have phones and then during their lifetime, like all this technology that previously had been considered unthinkable – how is something going to fly in the air over the Earth? How are people going to talk to each other using weird connective machines? Or television that started off black and white and then became color, or film that started silent and then became with audio. All these things were unthinkable at the beginning and I kept thinking how strange to be born into a world where this unthinkable technology didn't exist, and then suddenly it arrives, and it just changes your world. All those technologies, obviously, had a major effect on the world. Then I had my own experience. I was born in 1967. I was 24, 25 when the internet started really being something that I used in my life, and, obviously, that's a major transformative innovation. If you had thought about the internet before it happened, it would seem inconceivable; people who describe the future in ways that seem inconceivable always come off as very strange and weird. So, I think we ought to acknowledge that. 

But I want to say two things on the other side, as kind of big caveats. One is the idea of a billionaire; until you really interact with billionaires, it's hard to explain what they're like, and I've had pretty close interactions with many of them. Obviously, I founded a media company with one of them, Pierre Omidyar, who I think is worth like $12 billion or whatever. A lot of other people in Silicon Valley whom – I've gotten to know some – ‘being rich’ doesn't describe that, like the amount of wealth that you have, like when you're a billionaire, you don't think of yourself as just rich, you start thinking about what you can do to change the world, change the government, change countries, change culture. It's so much power; it's so much money. 

With power and money comes, in almost every case, being surrounded by sycophants: people constantly flattering you, saying yes to everything that you think, say and want, because power means you can do so many things for people that benefit their lives and if they know that you have that, they're going to want to flatter you so that there's a chance you're going to give those things to them. Obviously, it makes people in that situation so detached from reality and so enamored of themselves just because all their influences tell them that they are brilliant, and that they're a genius and that they see things people don't see. 

Sometimes, that may be true, there are probably billionaires, I guess I know a couple, who I would consider extremely smart, but the majority of them, including ones I've worked with, I can tell you, I'm not going to say they're dumb. They're mediocre. Sometimes they have like an idiot savant skill that turned into a company that just exploded at the right time. Everyone's success has partly some luck. You have to be in the right place at the right time and a lot of these people who walk around thinking they're brilliant and have the power with their billions of dollars to bring those visions to fruition and to convince people that they should, are not even remotely close to as smart as they think. 

So, when they start getting these visions and everyone around them tells them how brilliant they are and everything about their lives is reinforcing their own brilliance, I do think that can be a very twisted and dangerous dynamic. Then there is this very specific billionaire culture, especially the ones that came out of Silicon Valley, that believes that they are the kind of people society ought to progress and evolve and transform into, and that the society just doesn't facilitate that. The society punishes success; it impedes a transformative kind of Übermensch, to use a Nietzschean expression. And they have ideas like they want to just start new societies, they want to buy a country, or buy so much land that it can become its own country and they just create a society from scratch where they're the overlords and they create rules. Obviously it then extends to like, maybe we shouldn't even do it on Earth, let's start our own society on Mars or wherever and it becomes this very utopian and dystopian vision driven by a tiny number of people who have no real pushback or tension between the things that come out of their mouths into their from their brains into their mouths and then try they can try and make reality and have the power to make reality. But a lot of that is, I think very alarming; we ought to be very, very, very skeptical of that, even in the cases where it might be promising. 

A lot of this just depends on what you think. If you're a complete nihilist and atheist, and you just believe everything is just kind of a nihilistic evolution, no purpose, no spirit, no soul, we just keep evolving over millions of years, and human beings are just where we are now, it’s just one stop along the way, and our next destination is something totally different, it probably wouldn't bother you. But if you have a kind of idea of something essentialist about being human that turning us into beings that exist in an AI vat and eliminating us, every part of us, except our intellect, may not be an advancement, that may be a destruction of humanity while maintaining the facade of it, this is the kind of stuff that I think requires a great deal of introspection, a great deal of thought, a great debate involving the whole society. 

But because billionaires have this ability to just push things along with no constraints, AI is just exploding really with no safeguards. I mean, there are some superficial safeguards, like if you use ChatGPT or the commercial ones, they don't let you do certain things that could easily be done, but you can imagine how it's actually being developed. And the people who don't want those safeguards to exist are using AI without those safeguards. None of this is being understood. None of it is being analyzed or studied. 

I'm not an alarmist at all about technology, even including AI. But I think it's more this kind of narcissism and this self-adoration that naturally develops in billionaires that gives them far too much confidence in their own ability to push humanity into directions that they think it should go and really don't need much debate to do it because their brains are sufficiently advanced to make those decisions and see those things on their own and the proof is that they became billionaires. That's how the reasoning works. That, I think, is the most dangerous dynamic rather than the specific things. 

And yeah, when Peter Thiel starts saying, “I'm not sure humanity should continue, okay, I'll say yes, just because you obviously think it's extremely creepy if I don't, but I'm going to add that maybe we should exist in some other form,” I hope people are disturbed by that. I'm not saying necessarily opposed to it, but I hope they're disturbed by it, in a way that they kind of demand some time and reflection in order to consider. 


 

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